Forex , Computer & Web Hosting

Disk space

All hosting accounts offer a space that can be used to store all your files. Yes it is, and does not consider the disk space usage will vary from host to receive, so be sure to check exactly which files should be considered when deciding how to share the disc you need.

It would be a good idea to have some sort of plan for what you need from several projects. How much space needed to store email, web files, databases and log files? By breaking its use because it is much easier to work with the space that you (when you know exactly which files are considered disk quotas).

All plans have in fact all uses disk directory accessible via the Internet is calculated. Some guests also choose to send an e-mail and / or signing fee, you can assess your needs more hard disk space. Although you can have a good idea of disk space required to register the site to your needs, e-mail and change constantly.

If a host all types of file storage quotas, see if you can disable or delete the records for specific information. If the option is available, you will save lots of disk space, especially if you have a very busy place. However, if you want to use the statistical package that is available in your accommodation, you should allow some registrants to take place.

If you make your records is also important to remember that you may not be able to delete the log files from server to server is stopped writing about him. Daily records are very reasonable, if you remember to go to download and delete them periodically. Problems with monthly logs can occur if you underestimate their needs for space and you can not delete the file until the end of the month, which could lead to additional charges if you are not careful.

If the email settings and inboxes are on your disk quota, it might be an idea to set the maximum size of each mailbox, if possible. This will save e-mail storage on the server too and not wanting to stay within budget.

E-mail Accounts

E-mail accounts is a common feature of host, especially if you are hosting a domain. Some hosts can control the configuration of email, set restrictions on mail activities (for example, the maximum number of accounts or mailbox) on the server side. Other hosts will do everything ready so that, even create new email accounts may be easier than you think, with the support of appropriate software.

How to set up email is a matter of personal choice, but it is actually four main types of email accounts, POP3, forwarding, aliases, and autoresponders.

* POP3 Inbox are the "traditional", which has server space to store messages, which lets you use your email client to access and retrieve emails, each user name and password combination usually equates to a single account. This serves as the entry ticket, the email is to the left until you do something with it, if it is complete, the mail can not store and rejection.
* Account transfer is useful if you want to send messages to services like SpamCop or filtering email before it arrives. Instead of storing in your mail server, it will redirect all messages to another e-mail only when properly treated. This type of account is useful to redirect to a POP3 e-mail common table.
* Aliases are names that can be used to identify different types of accounts, redirect the POP3 mailbox on the server or in other directions, as they are processed as necessary. What happens in an e-mail function that is submitted. Catches of all aliases are often used to collect and address of the letter sent to people or services are not recognized by your mail server.
Autoresponders * not address in its own right, since they have their own address and respond to all email information. They are useful if you want to send pre-prepared information to people who request and respond to all requests manually.

FTP Access

Another thing that is common amongst paid hosting accounts is FTP access. FTP Software allows you to upload files and edit and delete content on a server much faster than with a web-based interface. If you are hosting a * nix system, you will also be able to edit source code files via FTP.

One of the best options I've seen offered with hosting, the ability to create their own FTP account. This is great when you have someone help page or if you want to share the web space, maintenance of user files, other than himself. How to go about this engine can be.

Some hosts will allow you to act like a small hosting company, where FTP accounts that you take to create a special user specific folder for your records, preventing the core files. Other hosts will allow you to create an FTP account that you can define exactly which folders they have access to, and exactly what can (and can not) do with them.

While the ability to create multiple FTP accounts may seem trivial if you do not receive other pages of your bed may be helpful to allow temporary or permanent access to anyone to help with the page information to your own FTP account.

Bandwidth is a measure of the amount of data sent through the network at any given time. Things like large images on Web pages and Needless questions posted to Usenet Newsgroups bandwidth waste can be better used to transfer information.

The computer network bandwidth is often used synonymously with data transfer rate - the amount of data can be transferred from one place to another in a given period (usually one second). This type of bandwidth is usually expressed in bits (data) per second (bps). Sometimes it is expressed in bytes per second (bps).Modem working at 57,600 bps has twice the bandwidth of a modem that operates at 28,800 bps. In general, a link with high bandwidth is one that could do enough information to support each of the images in video presentation.

It should be noted that substantive communication channel usually consists of a series of links, each with its own bandwidth. If one of them is much slower than elsewhere, he is to become bottleneck for bandwidth.

Waste of bandwidth

Full page in English text is about 16,000 bits. A fast modem can move around 15,000 bits per second. Full-motion video at full screen would require about 10000000 bits per second, depending on compression. Some items have narrow bandwidth (indicating not much information can be passed at the same time), and others have high bandwidth (indicating large amounts of information flow through both). These words are often used with reference to "wasted bandwidth", indicating that some (or most) of information traveling through a point is not used to the user. Wasted bandwidth "might include error network connection to the website (and thereby reduce the use of other users on the lines) or the long file signature in a message or Usenet news groups." Wasted bandwidth "is often relative: what one believes that people who waste would be crucial in another.

What bandwidth do I need?

When you select host, how much bandwidth you choose to purchase can be crucial for success on your site. In general, how much more bandwidth you have, the more traffic the site will be able to handle both.

To determine the bandwidth you need, you should evaluate the size of each page on your site and how many will see it. To do this, add the size of each picture on the page and the file size of HTML page and multiply by the number of visits to this page of your choice per month. For example, if you had three 10k images on your page and 2K HTML file, you 32 KB data on this page. Multiply it by the expected page views (in this case is 100,000 per month), and you get 3.2 g of data to transfer this month on this page. Now calculate this for each page, and you know how much bandwidth your entire site requires.

How can I save bandwidth?

There are several ways to maximize your bandwidth usage. First of all, keep your pages small as possible. This means tight HTML programming to reduce the size and compression, pictures and images to reduce size. Use the JPEG image format for photographs and GIF for graphics, the compression abilities of the individual.

Another way to save bandwidth is to use pictures and images on your site that are stored elsewhere. You can do this by changing the file name in your IMG SRC tag with a URL. Before that, however, you must obtain permission from the site you link. Otherwise, you are "stealing bandwidth", which is considered piracy and illegal (for details, see "prevent the theft of bandwidth" below).

Leaves Cascading Style (CSS) is also an effective way to save bandwidth. It is designed to reduce the size of HTML files by assigning relative values to the HTML element / command at the beginning of the document.

Prevent bandwidth theft

Using pictures of other sites by linking to them in your IMG SRC tag without permission is a double form of piracy, that is, are you hacking images both on location and bandwidth. As unethical as it may be, it is a reality many webmasters have to deal with daily.

The basic method to prevent bandwidth theft is policing. This means analyzing search engines, newspapers and other websites to find out who is using your pictures (and your bandwidth) without permission. Once you find the offending party / parties, you can contact them and order them to stop link to your website (if they try to feed a history of everything on the Internet is public domain "not to buy it). Unfortunately, Pages keep himself is difficult task.

Resources

How to reduce bandwidth Web Hosting
Using too much bandwidth on the hosting account will lead to higher fees. Learn how to reduce bandwidth and save money.

Bandwidth or data transfer
Too often, web talk about bandwidth and data transmission in the same spirit as the truth is known, they are different but very closely related. Bandwidth is the amount of data you can send at a time and data transfer How much data is transferred.

Bandwidth or Data Transfer - which is which?
Too often, web talk about bandwidth and data transmission in the same spirit as the truth is known, they are different but very closely related. Bandwidth is the amount of data you can send at a time and data transfer How much data is transferred.

The name server (DNS) are an important but invisible part of the Internet, and one of the largest databases on it. Each machine on an internet is assigned a unique address called an IP address, which is 32 bit number and is expressed as 4 octets. The method used to represent these IP addresses is also called decimal notation.A typical address looks like this: 199.249.150.4

It is very difficult to meet the IP addresses of all the sites you visit every day because it is hard to remember sequences of numbers. However, remember the words.That's where they come from the domain name in the box. To connect to a specific site, you must know your IP address, but you must know its URL. The DNS gets the mappings of IP addresses and names.

Names and numbers

DNS converts machine names (eg www.xyz.com) IP addresses (eg 199.249.150.9). Basically, it translates from a name to an address and an address to a name.

The assignment of the IP address of the hostname is called reverse mapping. Http: / www.xyz.com / when you type in your browser, the browser must first obtain the IP address of www.xyz.com. The machine uses a directory service to look up IP addresses and this service is called DNS. When you enter your www.xyz.commachine first contacts a DNS server, asking it to find the IP address of www.xyz.com. This DNS server can contact other DNS servers on the Internet. DNS is therefore considered as the global network of servers. The great advantage of DNS is that no organization is responsible for its update. Is this called the distributed database.

The three-letter codes

A DNS server is a computer that is running the DNS software. The most popular DNS software, BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) DNS is hierarchical, tree structured. The top is given by '. . And he called the root system. Directly under the root there are seven sub-domain nodes and these are immediately "with", "org", "gov", "thousand", "net", "edu ',' int ', etc.

DNS consists of two components

* Server Name
Addresses

Name Server:

This makes the task of finding names. Typically, there is a name server for a group of machines. If the server name does not contain the information requested, it will contact another nameserver. It is not necessary for all servers on how to contact each server. Every nameserver will know how to contact the root nameserver, and this, in turn, the location of every authoritative nameserver for all second level domains.

Decides

It works on a client machine to initiate DNS lookups. Contains a list of nameservers to use. As we read, the function of each of these nameservers is to resolve name queries. There are three types of nameservers nameserver server primary, secondary and cache name. The secondary nameservers are configured for backup purposes. Caching nameservers only resolve name queries but do not keep records of the DNS database. It is important to note that any change to primary nameservers should be sent to the secondary nameserver. This is because primary nameservers own databases. The changes are propagated through the "zone transfer.

HOW cache

DNS uses principle of "cache" for its operation. When a name server to receive information on a card, which stores this information. Further consultations for the assignment of using the cached result, thereby reducing search costs. The nameservers do not cache. The cache is a component called Time To Live (TTL) and the TTL determines how long a cache server to a piece of information. Thus, when the cache name servers receive an IP address, it receives the TTL with it. The cache name server IP address for the period of time, the pier.

When a process is to determine an IP address given a DNS address, calls on the local machine to resolve the address. This can be done in several ways:

Table look up. On UNIX hosts, the table is / etc / hosts.

The process communicates with the local name server. This is the name on a UNIX system.

By sending a massage to the remote system that identifies information in the file / etc / resolv.conf.

When a nameserver receives a query for a domain that does not work, you can return a reference to the client by specifying the name servers better. Usually working as a standard feature on the DNS server passes requests can not cope with a higher level server and so on, until the application can be processed, or the root of the namespace DNS is reached.

Name servers contain links to other nameserver with the help of which you can traverse the entire domain naming hierarchy. A host address with the original name of the server must be configured. After that, it can use DNS protocols to locate the nameserver responsible for all or part of the DNS hierarchy.

Thus when a nameserver receives a request, you can do one of the following:

You can answer the request with an IP address. This method is called iterative. In this, the client simply asks the server to resolve a domain name. The server accesses its database, finds its IP address and sends it back. If the server does not find the address, it returns a DNS error not found '). Contact another nameserver and try to find the IP address of the requested name. Return a reference to the client specifying the IP address of the server names.

Nslookup'is A User Interface People, called "available on the UNIX system. With this you can perform any DNS function. This program also shows the result for the user. Use is nslookup, you can get a list of all hosts in an area. To do this, you must first identify the nameserver for the zone.

The threats to the DNS are due to the lack of integrity and verify the authenticity of the information contained in the DNS. In addition, other protocols can use host names as a mechanism to control access. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has introduced the DNS Security (DNSSEC) extensions to DNS protocol.The main goal of DNSSEC is to provide authentication and integrity to the DNS. These are provided by the use of encryption "